Cusco: The Heart of the Inca Empire – Travel Guide 2024

Cusco Essentials

• Country: Peru
• Timezone: GMT -5
• Languages Spoken: Spanish, Quechua
• Currency: Peruvian Sol (PEN)
• Weather/Climate Snapshot:
  • January-March: Wet season, average temperatures 11-13°C (52-55°F). Bring your rain gear!
  • April-May: Transition period, less rain, temperatures rising. Great time for a visit.
  • June-August: Dry season, sunny days, cold nights, average temperatures 9-12°C (48-54°F). Perfect for hiking but pack warm clothes.
  • September-November: Transition period, temperatures rising, some rain.
  • December: Start of the wet season.

Cusco City Overview: History, Culture, and Charm

Cusco, high in the Andes, is a city pulsing with history and culture. As the former capital of the Inca Empire, it beautifully blends indigenous traditions with Spanish colonial architecture. Imagine cobblestone streets leading to impressive Inca walls next to ornate churches. The city’s vibrant atmosphere is truly infectious, with colorful markets, traditional music, and the tempting aroma of Peruvian food. Cusco is the ideal starting point for exploring the Sacred Valley and the incredible Machu Picchu, revealing the wonders of the Inca civilization.

Cusco’s unique character – a mix of ancient grandeur and modern energy – offers something for everyone. Beyond the famous historical sites, you’ll discover a thriving arts scene, incredibly delicious cuisine, and the captivating energy of the local people. Get ready to be charmed by Cusco, where the past and present seamlessly blend.

Best Time to Visit Cusco

Dry Season (June-August) – Peak Season in Cusco

• Pros: Sunny days, clear skies – perfect for hiking and exploring! Plus, there’s less chance of travel delays due to weather.
• Cons: Cold nights, peak tourist season means higher prices and more crowds. Book your tours and accommodation in advance!

Shoulder Seasons (April-May & September-October) – Great Value in Cusco

• Pros: Fewer crowds, pleasant weather, and often lower prices than the dry season. Ideal for budget travelers.
• Cons: You might experience some rain and the weather can be a little unpredictable.

Wet Season (November-March) – Budget Travel in Cusco

• Pros: Lush green landscapes, fewer tourists, and the potential for lower prices on flights and hotels.
• Cons: Heavy rainfall can lead to travel disruptions and limit visibility for some hikes. Be prepared for wet conditions.

How to Get to Cusco & Visa Information

• Flights: Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ) is Cusco’s airport. Direct flights are available from some South American cities, but most international travelers will connect through Lima (LIM). Check Skyscanner for the best flight deals.
• Trains: Train services to Machu Picchu depart from stations near Cusco, such as Poroy and Ollantaytambo. Book your train tickets in advance, especially during peak season. PeruRail and Inca Rail are the main operators.
• Visa Details: Many nationalities can enter Peru for tourism purposes without a visa for stays up to 90 days. Always double-check the latest visa requirements for your nationality on the Peruvian Embassy website before you travel.
• Airport Transfers: Taxis and airport shuttle services are readily available at the airport. Agree on a fare before you get in or use a reputable taxi service like Taxi Green. You can also pre-book a private transfer for a hassle-free arrival.

Fun Historical Fact About Cusco

Legend says Cusco was founded by Manco Capac and Mama Ocllo, children of the sun god Inti, who rose from Lake Titicaca to start a new civilization. They were told to find a fertile valley where they could sink a golden staff into the ground. The staff finally sank into the earth in Cusco, marking the perfect spot for their capital.

Famous People From Cusco

• Túpac Amaru I: The last Inca emperor who led a rebellion against Spanish rule in the 16th century. A symbol of resistance.
• Garcilaso de la Vega: A chronicler and writer of Inca and Spanish descent, known for his important accounts of Inca history and culture.

Top 10 Cusco Attractions: Must-See Inca Sites and Colonial Treasures

1. Sacsayhuamán: An impressive Inca fortress overlooking Cusco, featuring massive stone walls built with incredible precision. Be amazed by the scale of Inca engineering.
   • Address: Paraute, Cusco 08002, Peru
2. Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun): The most important temple in the Inca Empire, later incorporated into the Santo Domingo Convent. A powerful blend of Inca and Spanish history.
   • Address: Plazoleta de Santo Domingo s/n, Cusco 08002, Peru
3. Plaza de Armas: The main square of Cusco, surrounded by beautiful colonial buildings, including the Cusco Cathedral. A great place to people-watch and soak up the atmosphere.
   • Address: Plaza de Armas, Cusco, Peru
4. Cusco Cathedral: A magnificent cathedral showcasing a blend of Renaissance and Baroque architectural styles. Its interior is equally stunning.
   • Address: Plaza de Armas, Cusco, Peru
5. San Blas Neighborhood: A charming artistic neighborhood with narrow cobblestone streets, workshops, and art galleries. Perfect for a leisurely stroll.
   • Address: San Blas, Cusco, Peru
6. Mercado San Pedro: A vibrant local market where you can experience the authentic culture of Cusco, sample local foods, and buy souvenirs. Get ready for a sensory overload!
   • Address: Thupaq Amaru 477, Cusco 08002, Peru
7. Pisac Market: A colorful market in the town of Pisac (a short distance from Cusco) famous for its handicrafts and traditional wares. A great day trip from Cusco.
   • Address: Pisac, Cusco, Peru
8. Ollantaytambo: An Inca fortress and town in the Sacred Valley, offering well-preserved Inca architecture and terraces. A strategically important site.
   • Address: Ollantaytambo, Cusco, Peru
9. Tambomachay: An Inca archaeological site known as the “Baths of the Inca,” featuring a series of aqueducts and fountains. A testament to Inca water management skills.
   • Address: Cusco 08003, Peru
10. Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca): A vibrant mountain with colorful mineral deposits, offering stunning panoramic views. Requires a day trip and good physical condition.
    • Address: Located a few hours from Cusco, Peru. Tours depart daily from Cusco. Check GetYourGuide for tours.

Cusco’s Hidden Gems: Explore Beyond the Tourist Trail

1. Museo de Arte Precolombino (MAP Cusco): A museum showcasing pre-Columbian art from across Peru in a beautifully restored colonial house. A sophisticated and insightful collection.
   • Address: Plazoleta de las Nazarenas 231, Cusco 08002, Peru
2. Cristo Blanco: A large white statue of Christ overlooking Cusco, offering panoramic views of the city and surrounding mountains. A great photo opportunity.
   • Address: Cerro Pukamoqo, Cusco, Peru
3. San Cristobal Church: A church with stunning views of Cusco, often missed by tourists.
   • Address: Calle Huascar S/N, Cusco, Peru
4. ChocoMuseo: Learn about the history of chocolate and participate in a chocolate-making workshop. A fun and delicious experience!
   • Address: Calle Garcilaso 210, Cusco 08002, Peru

Local Festivals & Events in Cusco: Experience the Culture

• Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun): A spectacular Inca festival celebrating the winter solstice, held every June 24th at Sacsayhuamán. Book tickets well in advance!
• Corpus Christi: A religious procession held in June, showcasing statues of saints carried through the streets of Cusco. A vibrant and colorful event.
• Santurantikuy: A Christmas Eve market held in Plaza de Armas, featuring intricate handcrafted figurines and decorations. A magical experience.

Day Trips & Nearby Attractions from Cusco

• Sacred Valley (various sites): Explore the towns of Pisac, Ollantaytambo, and Chinchero, each offering unique Inca ruins and markets. Allow at least a full day for the Sacred Valley. (1-2 hours travel time to each site).
• Machu Picchu: The iconic Inca citadel, accessible by train from Ollantaytambo or by hiking the Inca Trail. A once-in-a-lifetime experience! (3-4 hours by train from Ollantaytambo). Book tickets in advance here
• Maras Salt Mines: Terraced salt ponds that have been in use since Inca times. A unique and photogenic landscape. (1.5 hours).
• Moray Agricultural Terraces: Circular agricultural terraces used by the Incas for experimentation. A fascinating example of Inca ingenuity. (1.5 hours).

Photography Spots & Insta-Worthy Places in Cusco

• Plaza de Armas: Capture the grandeur of the main square with its colonial architecture and vibrant atmosphere. Perfect at sunrise and sunset.
• Sacsayhuamán: Photograph the massive stone walls and panoramic views of Cusco.
• San Blas Neighborhood: Wander through the narrow streets and capture the charming atmosphere of the artistic neighborhood. Look for colorful doorways and balconies.
• Cristo Blanco: Take photos of the city from the viewpoint near the statue.
• Rainbow Mountain: Capture the vibrant colors of the mountain (requires a day trip).

Where to Stay in Cusco: Accommodation Guide

Recommended Number of Days to Stay in Cusco

Allow 4-5 days to explore Cusco and its surroundings properly. Add extra days if you plan to hike the Inca Trail or do multiple day trips.

Top Places to Stay in Cusco

Budget Hostels in Cusco:

• Pariwana Hostel Cusco: Plateros 302, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Kokopelli Hostel Cusco: Calle Teatro 334, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Dragonfly Hostels Cusco: Calle Procuradores 384, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Ecopackers Cusco: Calle Huaynapata 357, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Loki Cusco: Cuesta del Almirante 125, Cusco 08002, Peru

Mid-Range Hotels in Cusco:

• Hotel Tierra Viva Cusco Plaza: Portal de Panes 141, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Casa Andina Standard Cusco Koricancha: Calle San Agustin 371, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Hotel Rumi Punku: Choquechaca 229, Cusco 08002, Peru
• El Balcon: Herrajes 141, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Antigua Casona San Blas: Carmen Alto 280, Cusco 08002, Peru

Luxury Hotels in Cusco:

• Belmond Palacio Nazarenas: Plazoleta Nazarenas 223, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Belmond Hotel Monasterio: Calle Plazoleta Nazarenas 337, Cusco 08002, Peru
• JW Marriott El Convento Cusco: Calle Ruinas 492, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Inkaterra La Casona: Plazoleta de las Nazarenas 211, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Aranwa Cusco Boutique Hotel: Calle Garcilaso 202, Cusco 08002, Peru

Getting Around Cusco: Transportation Options

• Walking: The historic center of Cusco is easily walkable. Enjoy the sights and sounds on foot!
• Taxis: Taxis are readily available, but always negotiate the fare beforehand. Look for official taxi services.
• Public Transport: Local buses (combis) are a cheap way to get around, but they can be crowded. Be prepared for a local experience.
• Bikes: Renting a bike can be a good way to explore the city and its surroundings, but be aware of the altitude and hills.

Preparing for Your Cusco Experience: Essential Tips

What to Pack for Cusco: The Ultimate Packing List

• Layers of clothing: The weather in Cusco can change quickly, so pack layers to adapt to different temperatures. Think t-shirts, sweaters, and a jacket.
• Comfortable shoes: You’ll be doing a lot of walking on uneven cobblestone streets. Hiking boots are a good choice.
• Rain gear: Pack a waterproof jacket and umbrella, especially during the wet season.
• Sunscreen and hat: Protect yourself from the strong sun at high altitude.
• Altitude sickness medication: Consult your doctor about altitude sickness medication before traveling to Cusco.
• Insect repellent: Protect yourself from mosquito bites, especially in the Sacred Valley.
• Adapters: Peru uses 220V electricity and a two-prong plug.
• Cash: Many small businesses and markets only accept cash. Have some Peruvian Soles on hand.

Useful Apps for Travel in Cusco

• Maps.me: Offline maps for navigation.
• Google Translate: Translate between Spanish and your native language.
• XE Currency: Currency converter.
• iOverlander: Find campsites and other useful information for travelers (if you’re planning on camping).

Cusco Safety Tips & Cultural Etiquette: Travel Respectfully

• Altitude Sickness: Acclimatize slowly to the altitude by drinking plenty of water, avoiding strenuous activities, and eating light meals. Coca tea can also help.
• Drinking Water: Drink bottled or purified water only. Avoid tap water.
• Food Safety: Eat at reputable restaurants and avoid street food that looks questionable. Be wary of ice.
• Scams: Be aware of common scams, such as fake tour operators and overpriced souvenirs. Do your research and book tours through reputable companies.
• Respectful Behavior: Dress modestly when visiting churches and religious sites. Ask for permission before taking photos of people. Learn a few basic Spanish phrases like “Hola,” “Gracias,” and “Por favor.”
• Bargaining: Bargaining is acceptable in markets, but do so respectfully and with a smile.
• Personal Safety: Be aware of your surroundings and avoid walking alone at night in poorly lit areas. Keep your valuables secure.

Food, Fun & Finds: Cusco’s Culinary Delights and Nightlife

Top Restaurants in Cusco: A Culinary Journey

• Cicciolina: Upscale restaurant serving creative Peruvian and international cuisine. Perfect for a special occasion.
  • Address: Calle Triunfo 393, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Inka Grill: Popular restaurant located in Plaza de Armas, offering traditional Peruvian dishes. A classic Cusco experience.
  • Address: Portal de Panes 115, Plaza de Armas, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Limo: Fusion restaurant with stunning views of Plaza de Armas, specializing in Peruvian-Asian cuisine.
  • Address: Portal de Carnes 236, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Mercado San Blas: A less touristy option and a great place to have local food for affordable prices. Experience authentic Cusco flavors.
  • Address: Plaza San Blas, Cusco, Peru
• Green Point: Vegetarian and vegan dishes. A healthy and delicious option.
  • Address: Calle Carmen Bajo 235, Cusco 08002, Peru

Must-Try Dishes in Cusco: A Taste of Peru

• Ceviche: Fresh seafood marinated in citrus juices. A Peruvian classic.
• Lomo Saltado: Stir-fried beef with onions, tomatoes, and peppers, served with rice and potatoes. A satisfying and flavorful dish.
• Rocoto Relleno: Stuffed peppers with meat and vegetables. A spicy and delicious specialty.
• Cuy (Guinea Pig): A traditional Andean dish. Try it if you’re feeling adventurous!
• Quinoa Soup: A hearty and nutritious soup made with quinoa, vegetables, and meat. Perfect for a cold day.

Nightlife & Entertainment in Cusco: After Dark Adventures

• Mama Africa: A popular nightclub with a lively atmosphere. Dance the night away!
  • Address: Portal de Panes 109, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Paddy Flaherty’s Irish Pub: An Irish pub offering live music and a wide selection of drinks. A familiar taste of home.
  • Address: Portal de Belen 115, Cusco 08002, Peru
• The Temple Bar: Irish bar with live music and sports broadcasting.
  • Address: Calle Procuradores 384, Cusco 08002, Peru
• Republica del Pisco: A bar specializing in Pisco Sour cocktails. Sample Peru’s national drink!
  • Address: Plazoleta de las Nazarenas 177, Cusco 08002, Peru

What to Buy in Cusco: Souvenirs & Markets

• Textiles: Handwoven textiles, including blankets, scarves, and clothing.
  • Address: Mercado San Pedro and Pisac Market
• Alpaca Products: Sweaters, hats, and gloves made from alpaca wool.
  • Address: Shops around Plaza de Armas and San Blas neighborhood
• Ceramics: Hand-painted ceramic pottery.
  • Address: San Blas neighborhood
• Silver Jewelry: Jewelry made from silver.
  • Address: Shops around Plaza de Armas
• Coca Products: Coca tea, coca candies, and other products made from coca leaves (legal in Peru).
  • Address: Mercado San Pedro